Ababaawa
Ababaawa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin.[1][2]Wɔ mpanindie mu no, ɔbaa yɛ abaayewa(abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa anaasɛ nea waduru ne mpaninfie so).[3] Ne dodoɔ kabea mmabaawa yɛ edin a wɔdi di dwuma wɔ ɔkasamu bi mu ye sɛ "women's Rights" de kyerɛ mmaa a ɛmfa ho ne wɔ mfeɛ. Mpempii no, mmabaawa ɛgyina hɔ ma X chromosomes firi wɔn awofoɔ hɔ, na wɔbɛtumi ayɛm asane awo wɔberɛ a waduru ne mpaninfie so de kɔpem sɛ ɔbɛtena bra. Nea ɛma mma no da nso wɔ ɔbaa no awodeɛ mu no yɛ adeɛ a ɛnni hɔ, SRY-gene wɔ sex chromosomes no mu biara.[4] Nnoɔma a ɛwɔ mmaa nnipadua te sɛ ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, ne vulva yɛ adeɛ a ɛma wɔda nso wɔmmarima no nnipadua ho.Mmaa pelvic no trɛ, wɔn dwonku nso bae na wɔn nofo nso soso kyɛn mmarima mpaninfoɔ no. Mmaa nhyɛda nni nwii pii wɔ wɔn anim, na wɔn honam soso na wɔyɛ tietia na wɔn nnipadua mmobɔeɛ te sɛ mmarima. Wɔ nnipa abakɔsɛm mu no, tete no na nnipa su dwumadie no ma mmaa yɛ nnwuma ne akwanya pɔtee bi; akristofoɔ nkyerɛkyerɛ de mmara maa mmaa. Berɛ a akwansideɛ no refiri hɔ nkakrankakra wɔ 20th century wɔ mpɔtam pii mu no, mmabaawa nyaa nnwuma mu kwan ma no boro wɔn a wɔwɔ fie no deɛ ne kwan a wɔbɛfa so akɔ sukuu aduro akyire. Ntawantawa a akɔso tia mmaa, sɛ ɛfiri abusua mu anaa mpɔtam mu, wɔ abakɔsɛm pii na ɛyɛ adeɛ a mmarima na ɛyɛ saa adeɛ no. Wɔmma mmaa bi nyɛ wɔn mmaa asɛdeɛ. Anammɔntuo ne adwene a ɛmaa akyi ne sɛ wɔn nyinaa bɛyɛ pɛ. Mmaa a wɔ sesa ne nnipa su no wɔ adeɛ bi a ɛbɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyɛ ɔbaa anaa barima a ɛne mmarima asɛdeɛ sɛ ɔnwo no nkɔ, mmaa a ɔwɔ agyapadeɛ mmienu bɛtumi anya nnipa su ho su a ɛne mmaa deɛ no nkɔ.
N'abɔseɛ sesa
Ababaawa atwerɛ wɔ borɔfo mu akɔ n'anim wɔ millennium firi wifmann[5] dekɔ wimmann kɔsi wumman, na baa nnɛ sɛdeɛ yɛtwerɛ ababaawa. [6]Wɔ borɔfo dada mu no, wifmann kyerɛ "ababaawa" (ne nkyerɛaseɛ tra ne sɛ "woman-person"), ɛna wer kyerɛ sɛ 'barima". Na mann wɔ "gender-neutral" nkyereaseyma nnipa, a ɛne Ɛnnɛ borɔfo"person" anaasɛ "obi"; sɛ, ɛtoa Nkraman conquest so, wɔhyɛɛ aseɛ di barima dii dwuma de tia "nnipa a ɔyɛ barima so", na 13th century awieɛ no, ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ de tete din wer dii dwuma. [7]Anom nyegyeɛ F a sɛ mereka a yɛde yɛn densi yɛani so one M wɔ wifmann kɔɔ ɛnnɛ deɛ nom "ababaawa", saa ara na nea ɛdikan wɔ wif mu, a na ɛno nso kyerɛ "ababaawa", a ne nkyerɛaseɛ no bɛ yɛɛ ɔbaa a waware. Ɛyɛ nnaadaasɛm bi a ate atese sɛ edin ababaawa n'abɔseɛ no ne yafunu no bom. [8]Yafunu firi tete Borɔfo kasa "wamb" a ɛkyerɛ sɛ "aduru, awodeɛ" [9](ɛkɔɔ ɛnɛ German tete din "wamme" a ɛfiri Old High German "wanna" a wɔde ma "afuro, paunch, lap").[10]
Edin Ahodoɔ a wɔde di dwuma sesa
Ababaawayɛ yɛ berɛ a ɔbaa afiri ne mmabunu berɛ kɔ mpanin mu.Aman ahodoɔ wɔ mmara ahodoɔ, nanso mfeɛ du nwɔtwe yɛ mfeɛ a yɛsusua sɛ obi anyini. [11]Wobɛtumi de edin ababaawa adi dwuma baabi ara de akyerɛ ɔbaa, anaasɛ ɔbaa a wanyini sɛdeɛ ɛne abayewa da nso no. Abayewa kyerɛ sɛ obi a ɔsua wɔ borɔfo mu; [12]na 16th century ahyɛaseɛ na ɛba bɛyɛɛ abayewa a ɔyɛ ɔbaa.[13] Abayewa yɛ edin a wɔde frɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua a ɔwaree; ne saa nti wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduoson mu no, mmaa binom ne wɔn pere saa edin no so ɛfiri sɛ edin a yɛde frɛ obi a wanyini paa tia obi. Bio, ɛnɛ edin bi te sɛ abayewa (anaa nea ɛne no sɛ wɔ kasa foforɔ) yɛ din a wɔda so de frɛ obi a ɔnwaree da; ne saa nti wɔfrɛ din no de gyegye wɔn ani ma no bɛyɛ borɔfo kasa abaawa a atwam.Yɛwɔ edin ahodoɔ pii a yɛde frɛ ababaawa. Edin "ɔbaa" kyerɛ ɔkwan a obi fa so yɛ ɔbaa; "femininity" kyerɛ mmaa su a wɔda no adi wɔ dwumadie bi a wɔde ama no;
Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ sesa
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=_QGaoiFCIDMC&pg=PA1453
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=OA37DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA2539
- ↑ https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/girl?q=girl
- ↑ Passarge, Eberhard (2017). Color Atlas of Genetics. Thieme. p. 362. ISBN 978-3132414402
- ↑ wīfmann": Bosworth & Toller, Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (Oxford, 1898–1921) p. 1219. The spelling "wifman" also occurs: C.T. Onions, Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology (Oxford, 1966) p. 1011
- ↑ Webster's New World Dictionary, Second College Edition, entry for "woman".
- ↑ http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=man
- ↑ (Originally published in two volumes, 1895 and 1898, by The European Publishing Company.)
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary
- ↑ http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=/data/ie/germet&text_number=%20562
- ↑ https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/7824699/Girls-now-reaching-puberty-before-10-a-year-sooner-than-20-years-ago.html
- ↑ Used in Middle English from c. 1300, meaning 'a child of either sex, a young person'. Its derivation is uncertain, perhaps from an Old English word which has not survived: another theory is that it developed from Old English 'gyrela', meaning 'dress, apparel': or was a diminutive form of a borrowing from another West Germanic Language. (Middle Low German has Gör, Göre, meaning 'girl or small child'.) "girl, n.". OED Online. September 2013. Oxford University Press. 13 September 2013
- ↑ By late 14th century a distinction was arising between female children, often called 'gay girls' – and male, or 'knave girls' -: a1375 William of Palerne (1867) l. 816 ' Whan þe gaye gerles were in-to þe gardin come, Faire floures þei founde.' ('When the gay girls came into the garden, Fair flowers they found.') By the 16th century, the unsupported word had begun to mean specifically a female: 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. x. sig. D, 'The boy thy husbande, and thou the gyrle his wyfe.' The usage meaning 'child of either sex' survived much longer in Irish English. "girl, n.". OED Online. September 2013. Oxford University Press. 13 September 2013