Wikipedia

Babasokraman

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Kasa mu

Babasokraman a wɔsane nso frɛ no Sifilis (/ˈsɪfəlɪs/) yɛ yareɛ bi a wɔnya firi nna mu a mmoawa Treponema pallidum pallidum na ɛde ba[1]. Nsɛnkyerɛne ahodoɔ a εfa babasokraman ho no gyina nnoɔma nnan so[2]. Wɔ deɛ ɛdi kan mu no, wɔtaa de chancre baako (yareɛ bi a esi honam so a ɛnyɛ ya, na ɛnkeka, na ne tɛtrɛtɛ yɛ 1 cm ne 2 cm ntam) na ɛwɔ hɔ nanso ɛtumi yɛ akuro pii[2]. Sɛ obi nya babasokraman a ɛtɔ so mmienu a, nsaa tumi gu ne nsa ne ne nan ase[2]. Ɛkuro nso tumi ba deɛ ɔyare no ano anaa n'ase[2]. Sɛ obi nya babasokraman no bi a, ɛtumi tena hɔ mfeɛ pii a, ɛnyi ne ho sɛ ɔwɔ yare bi[2]. Sɛ obi nya babasokraman a, ɔhwɛ sɛ ɔbɛnya kuro a ɛnyɛ kokuroo (gummas), ne nsono mu haw, anaa komayareɛ[3]. Babasokraman yɛ yareɛ a nkurɔfoɔ frɛ no "suasuafoɔ kɛseɛ" efirisɛ ɛbɛtumi ama obi anya nyarewa a ɛte sɛ yareɛ afoforɔ pii.

Wɔtaa nya babasokraman wɔ nna mu[2]. Wɔ tumi nso nya firi ɛna hɔ akɔ abofra no so wɔ nyinsɛn anaa awoɔ mu, a deɛ ɛde ba ne nyinsɛn mu nneyɛɛ ahodoɔ bi[2][4]. Yareɛ afoforɔ a Treponema mmoawa no de ba no bi ne yaws (T. pallidum subspecies pertenue), pinta (T. carateum), ne nonvenereal endemic syphilis (T. pallidum subspecies endemicum)[3]. Yareɛ ahodoɔ yi mu mmiɛnsa no ntaa mfa nna mu na ɛba[5]. Yareɛ no ho nhwehwɛmu no taa fa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu so; wɔbɛtumi de dark field microscopy nso ahunu yareɛ mmoawa no[2]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S) hyɛ nkuran sɛ wɔnhwehwɛ nyinsɛn nyinaa mu[2].

Sɛ obi latex de anaa polyurethane condom di dwuma a, ɛbɛtumi ama yareɛ no so ate[2]. Wobɛtumi de nnuru a ɛko tia yareɛ mmoawa adi nyarewa no ho dwuma yie[4]. Nnuru a wɔgye tom sɛ ɛko tia yareɛ mmoawa di dwuma wɔ nnipa dodoɔ no ara mu ne a benzathine benzylpenicillin a wɔde wɔ obi ntini mu[4]. Wɔ wɔn a wɔwɔ penicillin allergyho nsanyare a emu yɛ den mu no, wɔbɛtumi de doxycycline anaa tetracycline adi dwuma[4]. Wɔ wɔn a wɔwɔ neurosyphilis mu no, wɔhyɛ benzylpenicillin anaa ceftriaxone a wɔde fa ntini mu no ho nkuran[4]. Berɛ a wɔreyɛ wɔn saa no, wɔtumi nya atiridii, tipaeɛ, ne ntini mu yaw, a wɔfrɛ no Jarisch–Herxheimer.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne

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Babasokraman mu yareɛ no bɛtumi aba wɔ tebea ahodoɔ anan mu: nea edi kan, nea ɛto so abien, nea ɛtaa ba, ne nea ɛto so abiɛsa, na ebetumi aba bere a wɔawo obi[6]. Sir William Osler frɛɛ no "ɔkyerɛkyerɛfoɔ kɛseɛ" ɛsiane sɛdeɛ na ɔyɛ nneɛma ahodoɔ no nti.

Deɛ ɛde ba

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Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum yɛ mmoawa a wɔn ho yɛ den a wɔn ho yɛ den[7][8]. Yareɛ mmienu a ɛha nnipa no bi ne Treponema pallidum subspecies, yaws (subspecies pertenue) ne bejel (subspecies endemicum), na baako nso ne Treponema carateum, pinta[3][9]. Dea ɛnte sɛ subspecies pallidum no, wɔmfa nsamanwa mu yareɛ mma[10]. Nnipa nko ara ne abɔdeɛ mu nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔnim sɛ pallidum asefoɔ no wɔ hɔ[11].

Baabi a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ

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  1. ↑ "Cecil Textbook of Medicine", Wikipedia (in English), 2023-09-22, retrieved 2024-07-08
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 China CDC Weekly (2020), "Reported Cases and Deaths of National Notifiable Infectious Diseases — China, February, 2020", China CDC Weekly, vol. 2, no. 13, pp. 216–217, doi:10.46234/ccdcw2020.056, ISSN 2096-7071, retrieved 2024-07-08
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Molly E Kent, Frank Romanelli (2008-02), "Reexamining Syphilis: An Update on Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management", Annals of Pharmacotherapy (in English), vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 226–236, doi:10.1345/aph.1K086, ISSN 1060-0280, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Charles R. Woods (2009-06), "Congenital Syphilis–Persisting Pestilence", Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal (in English), vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 536–537, doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ac8a69, ISSN 0891-3668, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ↑ Heather Kerrigan (2019), "Republicans and DOJ Release Information on Potential Political Bias at the FBI : February 2, March 16, April 13, and August 13, 2018", Historic Documents of 2018, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: CQ Press, pp. 69–88, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: no-break space character in |place= at position 18 (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
  6. ↑ Fred F. Ferri (2021-06-09), Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2022, E-Book (in English), Elsevier Health Sciences, ISBN 978-0-323-75571-9, retrieved 2024-07-08
  7. ↑ C. Franzen (2008-12), "Syphilis in composers and musicians—Mozart, Beethoven, Paganini, Schubert, Schumann, Smetana", European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (in English), vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 1151–1157, doi:10.1007/s10096-008-0571-x, ISSN 0934-9723, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ↑ Kathryn Eccleston, Lisa Collins, Stephen P Higgins (2008-03), "Primary syphilis", International Journal of STD & AIDS (in English), vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 145–151, doi:10.1258/ijsa.2007.007258, ISSN 0956-4624, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ Lorenzo Giacani, Sheila A. Lukehart (2014-01), "The Endemic Treponematoses", Clinical Microbiology Reviews (in English), vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 89–115, doi:10.1128/CMR.00070-13, ISSN 0893-8512, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  10. ↑ Lola V. Stamm (2010-02), "Global Challenge of Antibiotic-Resistant Treponema pallidum", Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (in English), vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 583–589, doi:10.1128/AAC.01095-09, ISSN 0066-4804, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  11. ↑ Lola V. Stamm (2010-02), "Global Challenge of Antibiotic-Resistant Treponema pallidum", Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (in English), vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 583–589, doi:10.1128/AAC.01095-09, ISSN 0066-4804, retrieved 2024-07-08 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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