Agyanka: Difference between revisions

 

 

[[War|Wars]], [[Epidemic|epidemics]] (such as AIDS), [[Pandemic|pandemics]], and [[poverty]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roman|first1=Nicoleta|chapter=Introduction|editor1-last=Roman|editor1-first=Nicoleta|title=Orphans and Abandoned Children in European History: Sixteenth to Twentieth Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-449DwAAQBAJ|series=Routledge Studies in Modern European History|date=8 November 2017|location=Abingdon|publisher=Routledge|publication-date=2017|isbn=9781351628839|access-date=25 November 2020|quote=The industrial revolution touched both villages and cities, with migration from one to the other going hand-in-hand with urban overpopulation and severe poverty. Urban population growth also led to an increase in abandonment, the poor swinging between finding work, begging or claiming social assistance from the State as a means of integrating themselves and their family, including their children, into society.}}</ref> have led to many children becoming orphans. The [[Second World War]] (1939-1945), with its massive numbers of deaths and vast population movements, left large numbers of orphans in many countries—with estimates for Europe ranging from 1,000,000 to 13,000,000. Judt (2006) estimates there were 9,000 orphaned children in Czechoslovakia, 60,000 in the Netherlands 300,000 in Poland and 200,000 in Yugoslavia, plus many more in the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, China and elsewhere.<ref>For a high estimate see I.C.B. Dear and M.R.D. Foot, eds. ''The Oxford companion to World War II'' (1995) p. 208; for lower, see Tony Judt, ''Postwar: a history of Europe since 1945'' (2006) p. 21.</ref>