Vernonia amygdalina
Vernonia amygdalina, a ɛwɔ daisy abusua no mu no yɛ dua ketewaa bi a ɛnyini wɔ Afrika mmeaɛ a nsuo tɔ hɔ na owia bɔ kɛseɛ paa. V. amygdalina taa nyin kɔ soro kɔduru mita 2–5 (anammɔn 6.6–16.4). Nhaban no yɛ kurukuruwa na ne tenten bɛyɛ sɛntimita 20 (7.9 in)tenten. Ahahan no akyi no ani nyɛ ntorontoron.[1]
Wɔtaa frɛ V. amygdalina ahaban a ɛyɛ nwononwono wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu esiane ne dɛ a ɛyɛ nwononwono nti.[2] Afrikafoɔ din afoforo a wɔtaa frɛ no bi ne Congo Bololo (D. R. Congo), ebicha (Oromo), grawa (Amharic), ewuro (Yoruba), etidot (Efik), onugbu (Igbo), ityuna (Tiv), oriwo (Edo), Awɔnwono (Akan chusar-doki anaa shuwaka (Hausa), mululuza (Luganda), labwori (Acholi), olusia (Luo), ndoleh (Cameroon), Umubirizi (Kinyarwanda) ne olubirizi (Lusoga).[3]
Nea yɛde yɛ
sesaAduane
Ahaban yɛ nhabannuru titire a wɔde yɛ nkwan ne abomu a ɛwɔ amammerɛ ahodoɔ mu wɔ equatorial Africa nyinaa. Wɔhohoro sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ne nwononwono no so bɛte, na ɛno akyi no, wɔho na wɔde ayɛ nam akɔnnɔakɔnnɔwadeɛ.Wɔ Nigeria no, wɔde nhaban nso si "hops" ananmu de yɛ "beer". [4]Wobɛtumi nso de nhaban no ayɛ nkwan, aduane a ɛyɛ dɛ a ɛyɛ amammerɛ nkwan a ɛwɔ Nigeria no mu baako. Ɛyɛ Igbofoɔ a wɔwɔ Nigeria Apueɛ fam no kurom.
Foforɔ
Wɔ Nigeria no, wɔde nkorabata ne nnua a ɛfiri saa afifideɛ yi mu di dwuma sɛ dua a wɔde twi wɔn se ne nea wɔde yɛ samina wɔ Uganda. Wɔ Ghana no, nhaban nketewa mmom sen deda no, anyini e
esiane ne tumi a ɛko tia akireyreyare ne ɔyare mmoawa nti; na wɔde mmoa nhwɛsɛode ada no adi.
Wɔ Nigeria Atifi fam no, wɔde aka apɔnkɔ aduane ho de ayɛ aduru a ɛhyɛ den anaa ɛma srade a wɔfrɛ no ‘Chusar Doki’ wɔ Hausa kasa mu.Wɔde nhaban no nso di dwuma wɔ Ethiopia sɛ "hops" wɔ tela beer a wɔyɛ mu. Wɔde nhaban yi sa atiridiinini yareɛ a wɔfrɛ no sɛ quinine–a wɔde si nananmu wɔ Nigeria ne Afrika aman afoforɔ bi mu. Wɔde nhaban nketewa no di dwuma wɔ amanfoɔ nnuru yɛ mu sɛ nnuru a ekum mmoawa yareɛ, ɛko tia asramm, aduru a wɔde te akisikuru/ahohoro, enema, nea ɛma nsuo firi nipadua mu, nea ɛpam nwansena ne nea ɛma mmaa wɔnntumi nwo wo mu. Nnuruyɛfoɔ ne abɔdeɛ mu nnuruyɛfoɔ pii akamfo nsuo a wɔde yiyi mu no akyerɛ wɔn ayarefoɔ sɛ wɔmfa nsa wɔn a wɔyare, wɔn akisikuru, asikyiriyare, wɔn a wɔnim ato, akisikuru ne yafunu mu haw afoforɔ. Wɔaka nso sɛ ɛwɔ tumi a ɛma nsuo fi nipadua mu ne natriuretic.[5]
Zoopharmacognosy
Wɔ wuram no, wɔahu sɛ chimpanzee we nhaban no berɛ a wɔrehu amane wɔ mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba mu no.[6]
Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ
sesa- ↑ Ijeh II; Ejike CECC (2011). "Current perspectives on the medicinal potential of Vernonia amygdalina Del". J Med Plant Res. 5 (7): 1051–1061.
- ↑ Farombi, E. O.; Owoeye, O. (2011). "Bitter leaf". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 8 (6): 2533–2555. doi:10.3390/ijerph8062533. PMC 3138040. PMID 21776245.
- ↑ Egedigwe CA (2010). Effect of dietary incorporation of Vernonia amygdalina and Vernonia colorata on blood lipid profile and relative organ weights in albino rats (Thesis). Department of Biochemistry, MOUAU, Nigeria.
- ↑ Pieroni, Andrea (2005). Prance, Ghillean; Nesbitt, Mark (eds.). The Cultural History of Plants. Routledge. p. 31. ISBN 0415927463
- ↑ Odewusi, Odeyinka (2015). "Natriuretic effect of aqueous vernonia amygdalina extract". Science Journal of Medicine and Clinical Trials. SJMCT-168. Do/sjmct /168. doi:10.7237/sjmct/168 (inactive 31 January 2024).
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)