Ahofadie a wɔde ma

Ahofadie yɛ tebea a nnipakuo bi, anaa ɔman a ɛmufoɔ ne nnipa dodoɔ, anaa ne fa bi, di wɔn ankasa nniso, na mpɛn pii no wɔnhyɛ obiara ase, na wɔde wɔn ankasa nhyehyɛeɛ na ɛdi wɔn nsaase so. Nea ɛne ahofadie bɔ abira ne asase anaa nnipakuo bi a wɔn ankasa nni wɔn ho so na mmom wɔdane ɔfoforɔ . Ɔman anaa nnipakuo bi hyɛ fa wɔ ahofadie da ho wɔ bere a ɔman foforɔ biara mfi amannɔne mmɛdi wɔn so anaa nhyɛ mmara mma wɔn wɔ akwan biara so, wɔwɔ akwanya sɛ wɔbɛkyekyere ɔman foforɔ anaa wɔbɛka wɔn ho abɔm wɔ berɛ a aman foforɔ biara mfa wɔn ho nhyehyɛ wɔn nsɛm mu. .

Chile, Spain man no nsase ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ Amerika Atɔeɛ Fam no mu biako, nyaa ahofadie Mpaemuka wɔ afe 1818 mu

Finland Mmarahyɛbadwa a wɔyɛɛeɛ wɔ afe 1917 mu, Ɔmampanyin P. E. Svinhufvud wɔ pon no ti. Mmarahyɛ Bagua no kaa sɛ Finland ade ne ho wɔ Ɔpɛnimaa bosome no da a ɛtɔ so 4, wɔ afe 1917, na mmarahyɛbadwa no sii so dua wɔ Ɔpɛnimaa bosome no da a ɛtɔ so 6, 1917 a ɛbɛyɛɛ Finland Ahofadi Da .

Ahofadie ho nkyerɛaseɛ

Wɔde bere tenten agye akyinnyeɛ sɛ ebia ahofadie a wobɛnya no yɛ soronko wɔ ɔman anidan ho, na wɔtaa gye ho akyinnye wɔ basabasayɛ ho asɛmmisa no ho sɛ ɔkwan a ɛfata a wɔfa so nya wɔn faahodie a wɔn ankasa di wɔn ho so.^[1]

Mpɛn pii no, ɔman anidan ahorow botae ne sɛ wɔbɛsan akyekyɛ tumi a ahofadi fa bi ka ho anaa sɛ ɛnni mu nkutoo,te sɛ kabimamenkabi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔman bi mu, a sɛnea ɛteɛ no, ebia ɛbɛkɔ so ayɛ nea ɛnsakra. Nhwɛsoɔ ne sɛ, Mexico Ɔman Anidan wɔ afe (apem ahankron ne du (1910) no kyerɛ ntawntawdie a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ akuo pii mu a awieɛ koraa no ɛde ɔman mmara foforo bae ho titiriw ; wɔntaa mfa nni dwuma mfa nkyerɛ akode a wɔde ko (afe apem ahanwɔtwe ne aduonu baako (1821) tiaa Spain no. Nanso, wɔaka ahofadie ho akodeɛ ahodoɔ bi ho asɛm sɛ ɔman anidan ahodoɔ, te sɛ nea ɛkɔɔ so wɔ United States (1783) ne Indonesia (1949) no, bere a ɔman anidan ahorow bi a ɛfa nsakrae a ɛbaa amammuo nhyehyɛeɛ mu ho pɔtee no maa aman a wɔatete mu bae. Nhwɛsoɔ bio no, Mongolia ne Finland, nyaa wɔn ahofadie wɔ ɔman anidan ahodoɔ a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ China (1911) ne Russia (1917) no mu. Nnoɔma a ɛde ɔman anaa ɔmantam bi a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ ahofadie ba no dɔɔ so, nanso wobɛtumi abɔ dodow no ara ho asɛm tiawa sɛ pɛyɛ a ɛnni hɔ ho atenka sɛ wɔde toto tumi a ɛwɔ tumi kɛseɛ no ho a.

Ɔkwan no bɛtumi atrɛw afiri asomdwoe mu ɔyɛkyerɛ ahodoɔ a wɔahyɛ da sɛ ɔbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛbaa India wɔ afe (1947) mu a, ɛkɔ wieɛ ɔko a basabasayɛ wom te sɛ nea ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Algeria (1962) fam no so. Wɔ tebea hodoɔ bi mu no, ebia ɔman bi nso de ahofadie too dwa, nanso ebia aman afoforo bɛgye atom fa bi pɛ; te sɛ Kosovo (2008), a Serbia, a Kosovo atew ne ho afi ho no nnye n’ahofadie ntom.^[2]

Nsonsonoeɛ a ɛda ahofadie ne Tumidie ntam

Ahofadie kyerɛ faahodie a ɔman anaa nipakuo bi anya afiri wɔn sudifoɔ nkyɛn a wɔda so kura wɔn tumidie mu a wɔde di wɔn asase so (hwɛ Devolution ). Protectorate kyerɛ ɔmantam a ɛwɔ ahofadie a ɛde ne ho to aban kɛseɛ bi so ma ɛbɔ ho ban sɛ ɔmantam a ɛwɔ ahofadie.

Hokwan a obi wɔ sɛ ɔde ne ho

Wɔ afe aha a ɛtɔ so aduonu (20) mu no, asorɔkye bi bɔeɛ a ɛde faahodie ahodoɔ berɛ aman ahodoɔ pii a na wɔhyɛ nkoasom mu a wɔnam nktrataa so, sɛ ebia 1960 Mpaemuka a Ɛfa Ahofadie a Wɔde Ma Aman ne Nnipa a Wɔyɛ Atubrafo ase, nanso saa hokwan yi kɔɔ so yɛɛ nea wɔde di dwuma kɛseɛ wɔ nsase a ɛnni faadie, te sɛ atubra aman nkutoo ho. Sɛnea saa hokwan ahodoɔ yi fa nnipa nyinaa ho no ayɛ asɛm titiriw a wɔaka ho asɛm. Hokwan ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ ɔman a obi firi mu ne nea ɔbɛsi ne ho gyinae no ma kwan ma ɛmu da hɔ. Hokwan a obi wɔ sɛ ɔsi ne ho gyinae no ma kwan ma wɔdi wɔn ho so, sɛ ebia, ɛte wɔ aborɔfo fam no, nanso ɛnyɛ hokwan a wɔde bɛte wɔn ho, gye sɛ wɔn nhyɛsoɔ a ɛmu yɛ den mu berɛ no aduru. Enti mpɛn pii no, ɔkwan a wɔfa so di adeɛ no gyina ɔman mmara so anaa ɔman no faahodie a wɔwɔ so na akyerɛ ahofadie a obi wɔ sɛ ɔyɛ ɔman.

Ahofadie ho mpaemuka ahodoɔ

Public proclamation of the Estonian Declaration of Independence in Pärnu, Estonia on 23 February 1918

Ismail Qemali wɔ Vlorë Nhyiam a ɛbɔɔ Albania ahofadi ho dawuru no afe a edi kan (28 November 1912)

Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɔman a ɛpɛ sɛ ɛnya ahofadie firi ɔman foforɔ tumi bi a ɛhyɛ no so no de ahofadie ho mpaemuka nsɛm bɛto dwa ; nhwɛsoɔ a ɛdi kan a ɛda so wɔ hɔ ne Scotland Mpaemuka a ɛfa Arbroath ho wɔ afe 1320 mu, a nhwɛsoɔ a ɛyɛ nnansa yi ara ne Azawad ahofadie mpaemuka a ɔde too dwa wɔ afe 2012 mu ne Catalan ahofadie mpaemuka a ɔde too dwa wɔ afe 2017 mu. Nanso, ahofadie a wɔbɛpae mu aka ne nea wɔbɛnya no yɛ soronko koraa. Nhwɛso a agye din a ɛdii yie ne U.S. Ahofadi Mpaemuka a wɔde mae wɔ 1776 mu no. Wɔtaa di nna a wɔde ahofadie sii hɔ (anaa sɛ, nea ɛntaa nsi no, ɔman anidan firi aseɛ), sɛ ɔman dapɔnna a wɔfrɛ no sɛ ahofadi Da .

Abakɔsɛm mu nsɛm a wɔaka abom

Abakɔsɛm mu no, mmere atitiriw nan aba a wɔde ahofadie too dwa:

Ɛfiri 1770 mfe no mu, efi Amerika Ɔman Anidan Ko no so kɔsi 1830 mfe no mu, bere a ahemfo abankɛse a ɛtwa to no hwee ase wɔ Spain Amerikafo ahofadi akodi ahorow no awiei no ;
Wiase Ko a ɛdi kan akyi pɛɛ wɔ Ottoman, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Germany ahemman ahorow no mu paapaee akyi;
1945 kɔsi bɛyɛ c. 1979, bere a aman aduɔson a wɔanya ahofadi foforo fii Europa atubrafo ahemman ahorow mu bae ne Nasi German Reich ne Japan Ahemman no gui no ;^[3]
ne 1990 mfe no mfiase, bere a Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia ne Yugoslavia mu paapaee akyi no.

Asasepɔn ahodoɔ

Asasetam		Daabi.	Ɔman a Etwa To a Ɛbɛnya Ahofadi
		54. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so	</img> Sudan Kesee Fam (2011) .
		35. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so	</img> Ɔhotefo Kitts ne Nevis (1983) [a] .
		44. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so	</img> Timor Apuei Fam (2002) .
		50 [b] .	</img> Montenegro (2006) Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so.
		14. Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so	</img> Palau (1994) [kyirikyiri].
		N/A	de facto condominium amanaman ntam