Ghana Amannɔne Nkitahodie
- Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu
Ɔman | Ghana |
---|
Ghana amannɔne nkitahodie no yɛ nea Ghana Amannɔne ho nsɛm dwumadibea na ɛhwɛ so. Ghana yɛ adwuman den wɔ Amanaman Nkabom ne ne nnwumakuo titire bebree, Wiase dwadie Ahyehyɛdeɛ, Kuo a Ɛnyɛ Ayɔnkofa, Afrika Nkabom Ahyehyɛdeɛ (OAU), Afrika Nkabom (AU) ne Afrika Atɔeɛ Aman Sikasɛm Kuo.Mpɛn pii no, ɛde nteaseɛ a ɛbaa Apam a wɔn a wɔnyɛ Nhyiamu ne OAU adwene mu wɔ sikasɛm ne amanyɔsɛm a ɛnka nea n'ani gye ho no akyi. Ghana ɛdi dwuma kɛse paa ara wɔ amanaman asomdwoeɛ dwumadie ahodoɔ mu wɔ UN berɛ so wɔ Lebanon, Afghanistan, Rwanda, ne Balkans, a na mantam nketewa nhyehyɛeɛ a anya mfeɛ nwɔtwe a wɔne n’ahokafoɔ ECOWAS yɛɛ sɛ wɔbɛma mpuntuo aba na afei wahyɛ wɔn ama wɔagyae akodi wɔ Liberia hɔ. Ghana nso yɛ ekuoba wɔ Amanaman Ntam Asɛnnibea a wɔhwɛ awudisɛm mu.
Botaeɛ ne Nyinasoɔ Nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛtenetene
sesaFiri berɛ a Ghana amannɔne nhyehyɛeɛ nyaa faahodie no, wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ ne adwenepɔ a wodan obi ne Pan-Africanism sɛnea Kwame Nkrumah dii kan kaa no wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduosia (1960) no mu. Wɔ Nkrumah fam no, sɛ obi mfa ne ho mmɔ obi a,na ɛkyerɛ sɛ wanya faahodie afiri apueeɛ ne atɔeɛ nhyehyɛeɛ ne mmoa afiri wiase afanan nyinaa kuo a wɔfrɛ non-aligned nation a ɔdi apueeɛ ne atɔeɛ so na ɔbɛka atia tumi kuo nyinaa. Nea ɛne no bɔ abira no, na Pan-Africanism yɛ Abibiman nhyehyɛeɛ pɔtee bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ Abibiman bɛnya ahofadie afiri Atɔeɛ fam atubrafoɔ ho na awieeɛ koraa no Abibiman asasepɔn no sikasɛm ne amanyɔsɛm mu nkabom bɛba.[1].PNDC, te sɛ wɔn a wɔdii n’anim no mu dodoɔ no ara, maa wɔn ani beree, bɔɔ mmɔden kɔɔ so daa sɛ wɔde saa adwene ne nhyehyeɛ ahodoɔ yi bɛdi dwuma ankasa, na wɔn a wɔdii adeɛ, NDC aban no, hyɛ bɔ sɛ ɔbɛdii PNDC anammɔn akyi. Wɔ NDC aban mu no, Ghana da so ara de ne ho too ekuo a wɔdan wɔn ara ho no nhyehyeɛ so wɔ wiase amanyɔsɛm mu no so. Ghana nso sɔre tia sɛ wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ aman nketewa ne akɛse nyinaa nsɛm mu. Wei yɛ twe a wɔtwe wɔn ho firi Nkrumah amannɔne nhyehyɛeɛ kwan no ho; Na wɔtaa bɔ Nkrumah soboɔ sɛ ɔretu Abibiman nnisoɔ ahodoɔ te sɛ Togo ne Ivory Coast a ɔbuu no sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ katee wɔ adwene mu no. NDC aban no, te sɛ PNDC a ɛdii n’anim no, gye nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛfa nwentaso ho di, ne kwan a wɔwɔ sɛ wobɛnya amammuo mu ahofadie ne kwan a nnipa wɔ sɛ wodi wɔn sikasɛm ne asetena mu nkɔsoɔ akyi a abɔntenfoɔ mfa wɔn ho nnye mu ka ho. Su bio a ɛfa NDC mmara a wɔnya firii PNDC berɛ so ne nokwaredie a wodi ma nea Afrika Ɔbemfo bi afrɛ no "sikasɛm mu nsakraeɔ a wɔayɛ no foforɔ a ɛdii yie a IMF ne Wiase Sikakorabea no mmoa no mu baako."Enti Ghana amannɔne nhyehyɛeɛ no botaeɛ a ɛtrɛ no bi ne sɛ wɔbɛkura adamfofa abusuabɔ ne adwumayɛkuo a wɔne aman a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ adwuma a ɛte saa nyinaa bɛkɔ so, a wɔmfa ho ne adwene mu nsusuiɛ biara ho, a ɛgyina obuo a wɔde bɛma wɔn ho wɔn ho ne sɛ wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ afoforɔ nsɛm mu. Abibiman ne ne ahofadie ne nkabom yɛ Ghana amannɔne nhyehyɛeɛ no tweatiboɔ firi awosu mu.Sɛ obi yɛ ekuoba wɔ Abibiman nkabomkuo mu a(OAU), NDC nhyehyɛeɛ ne sɛ wɔde nokwaredie bɛdi OAU Mmara no so. Nnyinasoɔ foforɔ a ɛho hia wɔ Ghana amannɔne nhyehyɛeɛ mu no fa baakoyɛ a wɔbɛtumi ne aman a ɛbemmɛn a Ghanafoɔ ne wɔn kyɛ amammerɛ ho abakɔsɛm, mogya mu abusuabɔ, ne sikasɛm ho. Nea afiri mu aba no bi ne aman mmienu no dwadie ne sikasɛm mu apam ahodoɔ ne daa nkabom badwa ahodoɔ a ɛfa Ghana ne n’afipamfoɔ a wɔbɛn no pɛɛ ho, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a wɔn adwene ne amanyɔsɛm mu nsonsonoeɛ a ahinta ne wɔn ho wɔn ho adwene mu naa yɛ ne ɔman nsrahwɛ pii a aban mpanimfoɔ a wɔdi mu de wɔn ho wɔn ho kɔ so. Saa nneɛma yi aboa kɛse ma mpɔtam nketewa ayɛ baako, anya nkɔso, na ate nhyɛsoɔ so.[2] Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea Ghana ani gye mantam nkabom ho no, ɔman no de anigyeɛ foaa so sɛ wɔbɛhyehyɛ Sikasɛm Kuo a ɛwɔ Abibiman Atɔeɛ Aman (ECOWAS) wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduoson nnum mu(1975). Wɔtee saa ekuo yi titire sɛ wɔde bɛma mantam sikasɛm ne amanyɔsɛm mu adwumayɛ akɔ so. Ayɛ adeɛ a mfasoɔ wɔ so a wɔde ne ho bɔɔ Abibirem Atɔeɛ fam aban ahodoɔ a ɛbemmɛn no di nkitaho na ama wɔde nneɛma a Ghana de kɔ amannɔne a ɛkɔ soro no kɔ ɔmantam dwa ahodoɔ so. Ɛfiri afe apem ahankron ne aduokron (1990) mu no ECOWAS de wɔn ho ahyɛ asomdwoeɛ adwuma bi mu wɔ Liberia a Ghana de asraafoɔ dɔm kɛse bi aboa. Ghana de ne ho ahyɛ amanaman ntam asomdwoeɛ ho mmɔdemmɔ afoforɔ bi mu nso, a wɔde asraafoɔ akɔ Amanaman Nkabom (UN) dwumadie ahodoɔ mu wɔ Cambodia wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduɔkron mmienu de kɔsi aduɔkron mmiɛnsa mu(1992-93)ne Rwanda wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduɔkron mmiɛnsa de kɔsi aduɔkron nan (1993-94) mu.[3]
Wɔ Ayɛwohomummɔ bosome wɔ afe apem ahankron ne aduɔkron nan (1994) mu no, Rawlings bɛyɛɛ ECOWAS dwamtrani, diberɛ a na ɔkwati firi berɛ a PNDC baa tumidie mu no. Ntɛm ara na ɔyɛɛ nneɛma pii de tee ɔhaw ne ntawantawa a ɛkɔ so wɔ Abibirem Atɔeɛ fam no so. Nnoɔma titire bi a ɛda nso wɔ wɔn mu ne Akosombo Apam a wɔyɛɛ Ɛbɔ bosome da a ɛtɔ so du mmienu (September 12), a wɔhyehyɛɛ sɛ wɔde bɛma ɔmanko aba awieeɛ wɔ Liberia no.[4]
Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ.
sesa- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Research_Division
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress
- ↑ Owusu, Maxwell. "Guiding Principles and Objectives". A Country Study: Ghana (La Verle Berry, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (November 1994). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.