Asikyireyadeɛ

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu

Asikyireyadeɛ (brɔfo kasa mu, Diabetes) yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea na asikyir a ɛdɔɔso wɔ mogya mu, na ɛmma nipadua no entumi nnya insulin ehia anaasɛ ɛmfa nni dwuma yiye no na ede ba[1][2]. Ɔman ahorow a wɔrehyia Asikireyadeɛ ho nsɛm no, Ghana so ka ho bi. Ghana hyia ‘nyarewa adesoa ahorow titir abien,’ ɛhwɛ nyarewa a emu yɛ den a yar mmoawa de ba ne nyarewa a enni sabea te sɛ asikreyadeɛ nyinaa bi[2].

Insulin yi yɛ ade titiriw a ɛho hia na ama asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no ayɛ adwuma yiye.

Asikyireyadeɛ ahorow

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Asikyireyardeɛ ahorow abiɛsa titiriw na ɛwɔ hɔ: Asikyireyadeɛ a edi kan, Ɔto so ebien, ne nyinsɛn mu asikyireyardeɛ, a emu biara wɔ nea ɛde ba ne akwan horow a wɔfa so di ho dwuma[3][4].

Nsɛnkyerɛne ahorow

sesa

Nsɛnkyerɛne ahorow no bi nye nsukɔm, nnipadua so tew, ne ade a wunhu no papa. Sɛ onyii no anhwɛ ansiw ano kwan a, ebetumi de nyarewa fofor ne akwanhosan mu haw pii aba. Ebi nye brɛbow anaa kedni mu yareɛ, ntini mu yareɛ, ani yareɛ ne akoma anaa mogya mu yarba ahorow[5][6]. Asikyireyardeɛ na ɛma nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 4.2 wuwu afe biara, na wobu akontaa sɛ ɔpepem 1.5 fi asikreyardeɛ a wɔansa anaasɛ wɔansa no yiye[1].

Haw a ɛde ba

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Asikyireyardeɛ betumi anya ankorankoro asetra so nkɛntɛnso kɛse, a nea ɛka ho ne:

Adwene ne Nkate mu Nkɛntɛnso
sesa

Asikyireyardeɛ sa hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsi gyinaeɛ pii da biara da – deɛ wɔbɛdi, berɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔteɛteɛ wɔn apɔw mu, asikyire dodoɔ a wɔhwɛ sɛ ɛbɛkɔ wo mogya mu, nnuruyɛ ho nhyehyɛeɛ. Saa asɛyɛde a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ bere nyinaa yi betumi ayɛ nea ɛboro wo so, na ɛde adwennwen ho atenka aba(stress).[7] Bio nso, nnipa a wɔtew wɔn ho fi afoforo ho esiane aduan anohyeto ne dwumadi a wontumi nyɛ nti no betumi ama wayɛ ankonam na wanya adwenemhaw[8][9].

Nhomasua mu haw
sesa

Mmofra ne mmabun a wɔwɔ asikyireyardeɛ hyia nsɛnnennen wɔ sukuu mu, na ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wonya mmoa titiriw. Bi nye mfir wɔde hwɛ asikyire dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu daa ne sraadewa(insulin) dodow a wohia[10][11]. Sukuu ahorow hia adwumayɛfo a wɔatete wɔn a wɔbɛboa wɔ saa ayaresa ahiade ahorow yi ho na wobetumi de ankorankoro nhomasua nhyehyɛe (IEPs) anaa nhyehyɛe 504 adi dwuma de aboa saa asuafo yi[10]. Asetra ne nkate fam mmoa nso ho hia na aboa wɔn ma wɔate nka sɛ wɔn atipɛnfo ka wɔn ho na wɔte wɔn ase. Awofo, akyerɛkyerɛfo, ne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo ntam biakoyɛ ho hia na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ saa asuafo yi betumi adi wɔn asikyireyardeɛ ho dwuma yiye na bere kora naa wodi yiye wɔ adesua mu no.[11]

Adwuma mu haw
sesa

Mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ asikyireyadeɛ betumi ahyia nsɛnnennen wɔ adwumam, a nea ɛka ho ne hia a ehia sɛ wogye wɔn ahome daa de hwɛ asikyire dodow a ɛwɔ wɔn mogya mu. Ɛtɔ da adwumawuranom ne wɔn mfɛfo adwumayɛfo nte ase wɔn yiye. Ebia wobehyia nyiyim nso, te sɛ nneyɛe a ɛfa nnipa a wɔfa nnipa adwuma mu a ɛyɛ animhwɛ ne mmoa a wonnya mma wɔn.

Mmara kwan so ahobammɔ te sɛ Ghana Asikyireyadeɛfo Kuw ne Amerikafo a Wɔadi dɛm Mmara (ADA) hwehwɛ sɛ adwumawuranom de mmoa a ɛfata ma, nanso animtiaabu ne ntease a ɛnteɛ da so ara wɔ hɔ[12][13]. Adwumawuranom ne mfɛfo adwumayɛfo a wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ wɔn no betumi aboa ma wɔayɛ adwumayɛbea a ɛboa obiara nkenka ayarfo yi.

Nsɔano

sesa

Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ A1C nhwehwɛmu no betumi ahu asikyireyardeɛ na ahwɛ ahu sɛnea woredi ho dwuma yiye. Asikyireyardeɛ a wobedi so no hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛteɛteɛ wɔa apɔw mu daa, wobenya mu duru a ɛfata, wodi aduan ho nhyehyɛe bi akyi, wɔahwɛ mogya mu asikyire dodow a nnipa no hia so, na wɔnom nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo[14].

Aduanpa

sesa

Asikyireyadeɛ a ɛto so abien a wobesiw ano no hwehwɛ sɛ wodi aduan pa ho nhyehyɛɛ so. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne aduan a ɛkari pɛ a aburow a wɔayam, nnuaba, nhabannuru, ne sraadewa a ɛnyɛ den pii wom. Aduan a ɛte saa boa ma asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no kɔ so yɛ gyina faako na ɛboa akwahosan. Asikyire ne kabɔhadret a wɔde fa mfir mu a wɔbɛtew so no ho hia yiye, efisɛ eyinom betumi ama asikyire a ɛwɔ mogya mu no akɔ soro na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya asikyireyadeɛ no ayɛ kɛse[15][16].

Nnuan a ahoɔdennuru wom a wɔde wɔn adwene besi so na wɔkwati nnuan a wɔayɛ ho adwuma anaa wɔde afa mfir mu na asikyire wom so no bɛboa ankorankoro na atew asikyireyadeɛ a ɛto so abien ho asiane so kɛse[15].

Apɔwmuteɛteɛ ne Honamdua so hwɛ

sesa

Apɔwmuteɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ne mu duru a wɔhwɛ so yɛ akwan a ɛho hia a wɔfa so siw asikreyare a ɛto so abien ano[15]. Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mu daa a, ɛde mfaso pii ba: ɛboa ma obi mu duru kɔ so yɛ nea ɛfata, ɛma sraadewa ho nkate tu mpɔn, na ɛma mogya mu asikyire dodow so tew. Dwumadi ahorow te sɛ nantew, mmirikatu, sakre a wɔde tu mmirika, anaa ahoɔden ntetee betumi ama nipadua no tumi a ɛde sraadewa di dwuma yiye no ayɛ kɛse, na ɛnam so atew asikyireyadeɛ ho asiane so[15]. Ɛnyɛ sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa boa ma obi mu duru so tew nko, na mmom ɛma nipadua no mu nneɛma a ɛsakra no nyinaa nya akwahosanpa, a ɛho hia ma asikyireyare a wosiw ano no nso.

Kwati Tawanom ne Nsa pii

sesa

Sigaretnom a wɔbɛkwati ne nsa a wɔbɛtew so yɛ akwan atitiriw a wɔfa so tew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya asikyireyadeɛ ne ne nsɛnnennen no so[17]. Sigaretnom ma sraadewa a wɔko tia ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya koma ne ntini mu nyarewa no yɛ kɛse. Nsa a wɔnom boro so nso betumi ama obi mu duru ayɛ kɛse na wanya mogya mmoroso, na ne nyinaa yɛ nneɛma a ɛde asikyireyadeɛ ba. Sɛ obi gyae sigaretnom na ɔnom nsa kakraa bi a, obetumi ama sraadewa ho nkate atu mpɔn, ama mogya mu asikyire dodow akɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata, na wɔatew asikyireyadeɛ ne akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ɛbata ho nyinaa so[18].

Sua pii

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Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa fii

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Diabetes (in English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  2. 2.0 2.1 J Kratzer (2012-06-01), "Structural Barriers to Coping with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Ghana: Experiences of Diabetic Youth and Their Families", Ghana Medical Journal, vol. 46, no. 2 Suppl, pp. 39–45, ISSN 0016-9560, PMC 3645143, PMID 23661816, retrieved 2024-06-13
  3. ADAs 84th Scientific Sessions (in English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  4. Diabetes, retrieved 2024-06-13
  5. Int. Diabetes Federation (2019-01-01), IDF DIABETES ATLAS Ninth edition 2019 (PDF), archived from the original on 2020-05-01, retrieved 2024-06-13{{citation}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. American Diabetes Association (2009-07-01), Hyperglycemic Crises in Adult Patients With Diabetes, retrieved 2024-06-13
  7. Living with diabetes (in English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  8. Behavioral Health in Diabetes Care, retrieved 2024-06-13
  9. ADA (2016-11-10), Psychosocial Care for People With Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association, retrieved 2024-06-13
  10. 10.0 10.1 10 Tips for Teachers of Students with Diabetes | Medtronic (in English), 2014-08-14, retrieved 2024-06-13
  11. 11.0 11.1 Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed - NIDDK (in American English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  12. Diabetes At Work (in American English), archived from the original on 2024-06-13, retrieved 2024-06-13
  13. National Diabetes Association (in British English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  14. Ghana on the offensive against diabetes (in English), 2023-04-16, retrieved 2024-06-13
  15. 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 Diabetes prevention: 5 tips for taking control (in English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  16. CDC (2024-05-21), National Diabetes Prevention Program (in American English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  17. Zuzanna Walter (2021-08-27), Alcohol and Tobacco Use: Diabetes Risk Factors Increasing in Prevalence (in American English), retrieved 2024-06-13
  18. Healthy diet (in English), retrieved 2024-06-13